Adolescence

Money’s boyhood residence in Dyess, Arkansas, the place he lived from the age of three in 1935 till he completed highschool in 1950; the property, pictured right here in 2013, is listed on the Nationwide Register of Historic Locations. The house was renovated in 2011 to look because it did when Money was a toddler.

Money was born J. R. Money in Kingsland, Arkansas, on February 26, 1932,^[15][16] to Carrie Cloveree (née Rivers) and Ray Money. He had three older siblings, named Roy, Margaret Louise, and Jack, and three youthful siblings, named Reba, Joanne, and Tommy (who additionally turned a profitable nation artist).^[17][18] He was primarily of English and Scottish descent.^[19][20][21] His paternal grandmother additionally claimed Cherokee ancestry, although a DNA check of Money’s daughter Rosanne discovered she has no identified Native American markers.^[22][23] He traced his Scottish surname to Eleventh-century Fife after assembly with the then-laird of Falkland, Main Michael Crichton-Stuart.^[24][25][26] Money Loch and different areas in Fife bear the title of his household.^[24] He’s a distant cousin of British Conservative politician Sir William Money.^[27] His mom needed to call him John and his father most popular to call him Ray, so J. R. ended up being the one compromise they may agree on.^[28] When Money enlisted within the Air Power, he was not permitted to make use of initials as a primary title, so he modified it to John R. Money. In 1955, when signing with Solar Data, he began utilizing the title Johnny Money.^[8]

In March 1935, when Money was three years previous, the household settled in Dyess, Arkansas, a New Deal colony established to present poor households the chance to work land that they might later personal.^[29] From the age of 5, he labored in cotton fields along with his household, singing with them as they labored. The Money farm in Dyess skilled a flood, which led Money later to write down the tune “5 Ft Excessive and Rising”.^[30] His household’s financial and private struggles throughout the Nice Melancholy gave him a lifelong sympathy for the poor and dealing class, and impressed a lot of his songs.

In 1944,^[31] Money’s older brother Jack, with whom he was shut, was lower virtually in two by an unguarded desk noticed at work and died per week later.^[32] In keeping with his autobiography he, his mom, and Jack all had a way of foreboding about that day; his mom urged Jack to skip work and go fishing with Money, however Jack insisted on working because the household wanted the cash. Money typically spoke of the guilt he felt over the incident, and spoke of wanting ahead to “assembly [his] brother in Heaven”.^[8]

Money’s early reminiscences have been dominated by gospel music and radio. Taught guitar by his mom and a childhood buddy, Money started taking part in and writing songs on the age of 12. When younger, Money had a high-tenor voice, earlier than turning into a bass-baritone after his voice modified.^[33] In highschool, he sang on an area radio station. Many years later, he launched an album of conventional gospel songs referred to as My Mom’s Hymn E-book. He was additionally considerably influenced by conventional Irish music, which he heard carried out weekly by Dennis Day on the Jack Benny radio program.^[34]

Money enlisted within the Air Power on July 7, 1950.^[35] After primary coaching at Lackland Air Power Base and technical coaching at Brooks Air Power Base, each in San Antonio, Texas, Money was assigned to the twelfth Radio Squadron Cellular of the U.S. Air Power Safety Service at Landsberg, West Germany. He labored as a Morse code operator intercepting Soviet Military transmissions.^[36] Whereas at Landsberg he created his first band, “The Landsberg Barbarians”.^[37] On July 3, 1954, he was honorably discharged as a workers sergeant, and he returned to Texas.^[38] Throughout his army service, he acquired a particular scar on the proper facet of his jaw because of surgical procedure to take away a cyst.^[39][40]

Profession

Early profession

Publicity picture for Solar Data, 1955

In 1954, Money and Vivian moved to Memphis, Tennessee, the place he had offered home equipment whereas learning to be a radio announcer. At night time, he performed with guitarist Luther Perkins and bassist Marshall Grant. Perkins and Grant have been referred to as the Tennessee Two. Money labored up the braveness to go to the Solar Data studio, hoping to get a recording contract.^[41] He auditioned for Sam Phillips by singing largely gospel songs, solely to study from the producer that he now not recorded gospel music. Phillips was rumored to have informed Money to “go residence and sin, then come again with a tune I can promote”, though in a 2002 interview, Money denied that Phillips made any such remark.^[42] Money ultimately gained over the producer with new songs delivered in his early rockabilly model. In 1955, Money made his first recordings at Solar, “Hey Porter” and “Cry! Cry! Cry!”, which have been launched in late June and met with success on the nation hit parade.

On December 4, 1956, Elvis Presley dropped in on Phillips whereas Carl Perkins was within the studio chopping new tracks, with Jerry Lee Lewis backing him on piano. Money was additionally within the studio, and the 4 began an impromptu jam session. Phillips left the tapes operating and the recordings, virtually half of which have been gospel songs, survived. They’ve since been launched underneath the title Million Greenback Quartet. In Money: the Autobiography, Money wrote that he was the farthest from the microphone and sang in the next pitch to mix in with Elvis.

Money’s subsequent document, “Folsom Jail Blues”, made the nation prime 5. His “I Stroll the Line” turned primary on the nation charts and entered the pop charts prime 20. “Dwelling of the Blues” adopted, recorded in July 1957. That very same 12 months, Money turned the primary Solar artist to launch a long-playing album. Though he was Solar’s most constantly promoting and prolific artist at the moment, Money felt constrained by his contract with the small label. Phillips didn’t need Money to document gospel and was paying him a 3{ae90547d17d4d74b17007ee836a04674fd006933c139011dc78eb03c100070a7} royalty slightly than the usual fee of 5{ae90547d17d4d74b17007ee836a04674fd006933c139011dc78eb03c100070a7}. Presley had already left Solar and, Phillips was focusing most of his consideration and promotion on Lewis.

In 1958, Money left Phillips to signal a profitable provide with Columbia Data. His single “Do not Take Your Weapons to City” turned one among his greatest hits, and he recorded a set of gospel songs for his second album for Columbia. Nonetheless, Money left behind a ample backlog of recordings with Solar that Phillips continued to launch new singles and albums from, that includes beforehand unreleased materials till as late as 1964. Money was within the uncommon place of getting new releases out on two labels concurrently. Solar’s 1960 launch, a canopy of “Oh Lonesome Me”, made it to quantity 13 on the C&W charts.

(When RCA Victor signed Presley, it additionally purchased his Solar Data masters, however when Money departed for Columbia, Phillips retained the rights to the singer’s Solar masters. Columbia ultimately licensed a few of these recordings for launch on compilations after Money’s demise.)

The Tennessee Three with Money in 1963

Early in his profession, Money was given the teasing nickname “the Undertaker” by fellow artists due to his behavior of sporting black garments. He mentioned he selected them as a result of they have been simpler to maintain wanting clear on lengthy excursions.^[43]

Within the early Sixties, Money toured with the Carter Household, which by this time frequently included Mom Maybelle’s daughters, Anita, June, and Helen. June later recalled admiring him from afar throughout these excursions. Within the Sixties, he appeared on Pete Seeger’s short-lived tv sequence Rainbow Quest.^[44] He additionally acted in, and wrote and sang the opening theme for, a 1961 movie entitled 5 Minutes to Dwell, later re-released as Door-to-door Maniac.

Money’s profession was dealt with by Saul Holiff, a London, Ontario, promoter. Their relationship was the topic of Saul’s son’s biopic My Father and the Man in Black.^[45]

Outlaw picture

As his profession was taking off within the late Nineteen Fifties, Money began consuming closely and have become hooked on amphetamines and barbiturates. For a quick time, he shared an condominium in Nashville with Waylon Jennings, who was deeply hooked on amphetamines. Money would use the stimulants to remain awake throughout excursions. Associates joked about his “nervousness” and erratic habits, many ignoring the warning indicators of his worsening drug habit.

Though he was in some ways spiraling uncontrolled, Money might nonetheless ship hits resulting from his frenetic creativity. His rendition of “Ring of Hearth” was a crossover hit, reaching primary on the nation charts and coming into the highest 20 on the pop charts. It was initially carried out by June’s sister, however the signature mariachi-style horn association was offered by Money.^[46] He mentioned that it had come to him in a dream. Vivian Liberto claimed a distinct model of the origins of “Ring of Hearth”. In her e book, I Walked the Line: My Life with Johnny, Liberto says that Money gave Carter half the songwriting credit score for financial causes.^[47]

In June 1965, Money’s camper caught hearth throughout a fishing journey along with his nephew Damon Fielder in Los Padres Nationwide Forest in California, triggering a forest hearth that burned a number of hundred acres and almost induced his demise.^[48][49] Money claimed that the fireplace was attributable to sparks from a faulty exhaust system on his camper, however Fielder thinks that Money began a hearth to remain heat and in his drugged situation failed to note the fireplace getting uncontrolled.^[50] When the decide requested Money why he did it, Money mentioned, “I did not do it, my truck did, and it is lifeless, so you may’t query it.”^[51] The hearth destroyed 508 acres (206 ha), burned the foliage off three mountains and drove off 49 of the refuge’s 53 endangered California condors.^[52] Money was unrepentant and claimed, “I do not care about your rattling yellow buzzards.”^[53] The federal authorities sued him and was awarded $125,172. Money ultimately settled the case and paid $82,001.^[54]

Though Money cultivated a romantic outlaw picture, he by no means served a jail sentence. Regardless of touchdown in jail seven occasions for misdemeanors, he stayed just one night time on every keep. On Could 11, 1965, he was arrested in Starkville, Mississippi, for trespassing late at night time onto personal property to choose flowers. (He used this to write down the tune “Starkville Metropolis Jail”, which he mentioned on his dwell At San Quentin album.)^[55] Whereas on tour that 12 months, he was arrested October 4 in El Paso, Texas, by a narcotics squad. The officers suspected he was smuggling heroin from Mexico, however discovered as a substitute 688 Dexedrine capsules (amphetamines) and 475 Equanil (sedatives or tranquilizers) tablets that the singer had hidden inside his guitar case. As a result of the capsules have been pharmaceuticals slightly than unlawful narcotics, he obtained a suspended sentence. Money posted a $1,500 bond after which was launched till his arraignment.^[56]

On this interval of the mid-Sixties, Money launched quite a few idea albums. His Bitter Tears (1964) was dedicated to spoken phrase and songs addressing the plight of Native Individuals and mistreatment by the federal government. Whereas initially reaching charts, this album met with resistance from some followers and radio stations, which rejected its controversial tackle social points. In 2011, a e book was printed about it, resulting in a re-recording of the songs by modern artists and the making of a documentary movie about Money’s efforts with the album. This movie was aired on PBS in February and November 2016. His Sings the Ballads of the True West (1965) was an experimental double document, mixing genuine frontier songs with Money’s spoken narration.

Reaching a low along with his extreme drug habit and damaging habits, Money was divorced from his first spouse and had performances cancelled, however he continued to search out success. In 1967, Money’s duet with June Carter, “Jackson”, gained a Grammy Award.^[57]

Money was final arrested in 1967 in Walker County, Georgia, after police discovered he was carrying a bag of prescription capsules and was in a automotive accident. Money tried to bribe an area deputy, who turned the cash down. The singer was jailed for the night time in LaFayette, Georgia. Sheriff Ralph Jones launched him after giving him a protracted discuss, warning him concerning the hazard of his habits and wasted potential. Money credited that have with serving to him flip round and save his life. He later returned to LaFayette to play a profit live performance; it attracted 12,000 individuals (town inhabitants was lower than 9,000 on the time) and raised $75,000 for the highschool.^[58] Reflecting on his previous in a 1997 interview, Money famous: “I used to be taking the capsules for awhile, after which the capsules began taking me.”^[59] June, Maybelle, and Ezra Carter moved into Money’s mansion for a month to assist him get off medicine. Money proposed onstage to June on February 22, 1968, at a live performance on the London Gardens in London, Ontario, Canada. The couple married per week later (on March 1) in Franklin, Kentucky. She had agreed to marry Money after he had “cleaned up.”^[60]

Money’s journey included rediscovery of his Christian religion. He took an “altar name” in Evangel Temple, a small church within the Nashville space, pastored by Reverend Jimmie Rodgers Snow, son of nation music legend Hank Snow. In keeping with Marshall Grant, although, Money didn’t fully cease utilizing amphetamines in 1968. Money didn’t finish all drug use till 1970, staying drug-free for a interval of seven years. Grant claims that the beginning of Money’s son, John Carter Money, impressed Money to finish his dependence.^[61]

Money started utilizing amphetamines once more in 1977. By 1983, he was deeply addicted once more and have become a affected person on the Betty Ford Clinic in Rancho Mirage for therapy. He stayed off medicine for a number of years, however relapsed. By 1989, he was dependent and entered Nashville’s Cumberland Heights Alcohol and Drug Remedy Middle. In 1992, he began care on the Loma Linda Behavioral Medication Middle in Loma Linda, California, for his remaining rehabilitation therapy. (A number of months later, his son adopted him into this facility for therapy).^[62][63]

Folsom and different jail concert events

Money started performing concert events at prisons within the late Nineteen Fifties. He performed his first well-known jail live performance on January 1, 1958, at San Quentin State Jail.^[64] These performances led to a pair of extremely profitable dwell albums, Johnny Money at Folsom Jail (1968) and Johnny Money at San Quentin (1969). Each dwell albums reached primary on Billboard nation album music and the latter crossed over to succeed in the highest of the Billboard pop album chart. In 1969, Money turned a world hit when he eclipsed even The Beatles by promoting 6.5 million albums.^[65] As compared, the jail concert events have been way more profitable than his later dwell albums equivalent to Strawberry Cake recorded in London and Dwell at Madison Sq. Backyard, which peaked at numbers 33 and 39 on the album charts, respectively.

The Folsom Jail document was launched by a rendition of his “Folsom Jail Blues” whereas the San Quentin document included the crossover hit single “A Boy Named Sue”, a Shel Silverstein-penned novelty tune that reached primary on the nation charts and quantity two on the U.S. top-10 pop charts.

Money carried out on the Österåker Jail in Sweden in 1972. The dwell album På Österåker (At Österåker) was launched in 1973. “San Quentin” was recorded with Money changing “San Quentin” with “Österåker”. In 1976, a live performance at Tennessee State Jail was videotaped for TV broadcast, and obtained a belated CD launch after Money’s demise as A Live performance Behind Jail Partitions.

Activism for Native Individuals

In 1965, Money and June Carter appeared on Pete Seeger’s TV present, Rainbow Quest, on which Money defined his begin as an activist for Native Individuals:

In ’57, I wrote a tune referred to as ‘Outdated Apache Squaw’ after which forgot the so-called Indian protest for some time, however no person else appeared to talk up with any quantity of voice.^[66]

Columbia Music, the label for which Money was recording then, was against placing the tune on his subsequent album, contemplating it “too radical for the general public”.^[67] Money singing songs of Indian tragedy and settler violence went radically towards the mainstream of nation music within the Nineteen Fifties, which was dominated by the picture of the righteous cowboy who merely makes the native’s soil his personal.^[68]

In 1964, coming off the chart success of his earlier album I Stroll The Line, he recorded the aforementioned album Bitter Tears: Ballads of the American Indian.

We’re Nonetheless Right here: Johnny Money’s Bitter Tears Revisited, a documentary by Antonino D’Ambrosio (creator of A Heartland and a Guitar: Johnny Money and the Making of Bitter Tears) tells the story of Johnny Money’s controversial idea album “Bitter Tears: Ballads of the American Indian”, masking the struggles of Native Individuals. The movie’s DVD was launched on August 21, 2018.^[69]

The album featured tales of a large number of Indigenous peoples, largely of their violent oppression by white settlers: the Pima (“The Ballad of Ira Hayes”), Navajo (“Navajo”), Apache (“Apache Tears”), Lakota (“Massive Foot”), Seneca (“As Lengthy because the Grass Shall Develop”), and Cherokee (“Speaking Leaves”). Money wrote three of the songs himself and one with the assistance of Johnny Horton, however the majority of the protest songs have been written by folks artist Peter La Farge (son of activist and Pulitzer prizewinner Oliver La Farge), whom Money met in New York within the Sixties and whom he admired for his activism.^[70] The album’s single, “The Ballad of Ira Hayes” (about Ira Hayes, one of many six to boost the U.S. flag at Iwo Jima), was uncared for by nonpolitical radio on the time, and the document label denied it any promotion resulting from its provocative protesting and “unappealing” nature. Money confronted resistance and was even urged by an editor of a rustic music journal to go away the Nation Music Affiliation: “You and your crowd are simply too clever to affiliate with plain nation of us, nation artists, and nation DJs.”^[71]

In response, on August 22, 1964, Money posted a letter as an commercial in Billboard, calling the document trade cowardly: “D.J.s – station managers – homeowners … the place are your guts? I needed to struggle again after I realized that so many stations are afraid of Ira Hayes. Only one query: WHY??? Ira Hayes is robust medication … So is Rochester, Harlem, Birmingham and Vietnam.”^[72][73] Money stored selling the tune himself and used his affect on radio disc jockeys he knew ultimately to make the tune climb to quantity three on the nation charts, whereas the album rose to quantity two on the album charts.^[71]

Money in 1969

Later, on The Johnny Money Present, he continued telling tales of Native-American plight, each in tune and thru brief movies, such because the historical past of the Path of Tears.^[74]

In 1966, in response to his activism, the singer was adopted by the Seneca Nation’s Turtle Clan.^[22] He carried out advantages in 1968 on the Rosebud Reservation, near the historic landmark of the bloodbath at Wounded Knee, to boost cash to assist construct a college. He additionally performed on the D-Q College within the Nineteen Eighties.^[75]

Johnny Money used his stardom and financial standing to deliver consciousness to the problems surrounding the Native American individuals.^[76] Money sang songs about indigenous humanity in an effort to confront the U.S. authorities. Many non-Native Individuals stayed away from singing about these items.^[77]

In 1970, Money recorded a studying of John G. Burnett’s 1890, Eightieth-birthday essay^[78] on Cherokee removing for the Historic Landmarks Affiliation (Nashville).^[79]

The Johnny Money Present

From June 1969 to March 1971, Money starred in his personal tv present, The Johnny Money Present, on the ABC community.^[80] Produced by Display screen Gems, the present was carried out on the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville. The Statler Brothers opened for him in each episode; the Carter Household and rockabilly legend Carl Perkins have been additionally a part of the common present entourage. Money additionally loved reserving mainstream performers as friends; together with Linda Ronstadt in her first TV look, Neil Younger, Louis Armstrong, Neil Diamond, Kenny Rogers and The First Version (who appeared 4 occasions), James Taylor, Ray Charles, Roger Miller, Roy Orbison, Derek and the Dominos, Joni Mitchell, and Bob Dylan.^[80]

From September 15–18, 1969, in Albuquerque, New Mexico, he carried out a sequence of 4 concert events on the New Mexico State Honest to advertise the primary season of The Johnny Money Present.^[81][82] These dwell exhibits have been produced with assist from ABC and native live performance producer Bennie Sanchez, throughout these units Johnny Money and Al Hurricane carried out collectively.^[83] Additionally throughout The Johnny Money Present period, he contributed the title tune and different songs to the movie Little Fauss and Massive Halsy, which starred Robert Redford, Michael J. Pollard, and Lauren Hutton.^[84] The title tune, “The Ballad of Little Fauss and Massive Halsy”, written by Carl Perkins, was nominated for a Golden Globe award in 1971.^[85]

Money had first met with Dylan within the mid-Sixties and have become neighbors within the late Sixties in Woodstock, New York. Money was obsessed with reintroducing the reclusive Dylan to his viewers. Money sang a duet with Dylan, “Woman from the North Nation”, on Dylan’s nation album Nashville Skyline and likewise wrote the album’s Grammy-winning liner notes.

One other artist who obtained a serious profession increase from The Johnny Money Present was Kris Kristofferson, who was starting to make a reputation for himself as a singer-songwriter. Throughout a dwell efficiency of Kristofferson’s “Sunday Mornin’ Comin’ Down”, Money refused to alter the lyrics to swimsuit community executives, singing the tune with its references to marijuana intact:

On a Sunday morning sidewalk
I am wishin’, Lord, that I used to be stoned.^[86]

The closing program of The Johnny Money Present was a gospel music particular. Friends included the Blackwood Brothers, Mahalia Jackson, Stuart Hamblen, and Billy Graham.^[87]

“The Man in Black”

Money advocated jail reform at his July 1972 assembly with President Richard Nixon

By the early Nineteen Seventies, Money had established his public picture as “The Man in Black”. He frequently carried out in solely black fits with a protracted, black, knee-length coat. This outfit stood in distinction to the rhinestone fits and cowboy boots worn by many of the main nation acts of his day.

Money performing in Bremen, West Germany, in September 1972

Money mentioned he wore all black on behalf of the poor and hungry, the “prisoner who has lengthy paid for his crime”, and those that have been betrayed by age or medicine.^[88] He added, “With the Vietnam Warfare as painful in my thoughts because it was in most different Individuals, I wore it ‘in mourning’ for the lives that would have been’ … Aside from the Vietnam Warfare being over, I do not see a lot motive to alter my place … The previous are nonetheless uncared for, the poor are nonetheless poor, the younger are nonetheless dying earlier than their time, and we’re not making many strikes to make issues proper. There’s nonetheless loads of darkness to hold off.”^[88]

Money within the “one piece at a time” Cadillac

Initially, he and his band had worn black shirts as a result of that was the one matching shade that they had amongst their numerous outfits. He wore different colours on stage early in his profession, however he claimed to love sporting black each on and off stage. He acknowledged that political causes apart, he merely favored black as his on-stage shade.^[10] The outdated US Navy’s winter blue uniform was once referred to by sailors as “Johnny Cashes”, because the uniform’s shirt, tie, and trousers are stable black.^[89]

Within the mid-Nineteen Seventies, Money’s reputation and variety of hit songs started to say no. He made commercials for Amoco and STP, an unpopular enterprise on the time of the Nineteen Seventies vitality disaster. In 1976, he made commercials for Lionel Trains, for which he additionally wrote the music.^[90] Nonetheless, his first autobiography, Man in Black, was printed in 1975 and offered 1.3 million copies. A second, Money: The Autobiography, appeared in 1997.

Money’s friendship with Billy Graham^[91] led to his manufacturing of a movie concerning the lifetime of Jesus, Gospel Street: A Story of Jesus, which Money co-wrote and narrated. It was launched in 1973. Money seen the movie as an announcement of his private religion slightly than a method of proselytizing.^[92]

Money and June Carter Money appeared a number of occasions on the Billy Graham Campaign TV specials, and Money continued to incorporate gospel and non secular songs on a lot of his albums, although Columbia declined to launch A Believer Sings the Reality, a gospel double-LP Money recorded in 1979 and which ended up being launched on an impartial label even with Money nonetheless underneath contract to Columbia. On November 22, 1974, CBS ran his one-hour TV particular entitled Driving The Rails, a musical historical past of trains.

He continued to look on tv, internet hosting Christmas specials on CBS within the late Nineteen Seventies and early Nineteen Eighties. Later tv appearances included a starring position in an episode of Columbo, entitled “Swan Track”. June and he appeared in an episode of Little Home on the Prairie, entitled “The Assortment”. He gave a efficiency as abolitionist John Brown within the 1985 American Civil Warfare tv miniseries North and South. Within the Nineties, Johnny and June appeared in Dr. Quinn, Medication Lady in recurring roles.

He was pleasant with each US president, beginning with Richard Nixon. He was closest to Jimmy Carter, with whom he turned shut pals and who was a distant cousin of his spouse, June.^[93]

When invited to carry out on the White Home for the primary time in 1970,^[94] Richard Nixon’s workplace requested that he play “Okie from Muskogee” (a satirical Merle Haggard tune about individuals who despised hippies, younger drug customers and Vietnam struggle protesters), “Welfare Cadillac” (a Man Drake tune which chastises the integrity of welfare recipients), and “A Boy Named Sue”. Money declined to play the primary two and as a substitute chosen different songs, together with “The Ballad of Ira Hayes” and his personal compositions, “What Is Reality” and “Man in Black”. Money wrote that the explanations for denying Nixon’s tune selections weren’t figuring out them and having pretty brief discover to rehearse them, slightly than any political motive.^[95] Nonetheless, Money added, even when Nixon’s workplace had given Money sufficient time to study and rehearse the songs, their selection of items that conveyed “antihippie and antiblack” sentiments might need backfired.^[96] In his remarks when introducing Money, Nixon joked that one factor he had discovered concerning the singer was one didn’t inform him what to sing.^[97]

Johnny Money was the grand marshal of america Bicentennial parade.^[98] He wore a shirt from Nudie Cohn which offered for $25,000 in public sale in 2010.^[99] After the parade he gave a live performance on the Washington monument.^[100]

Highwaymen and departure from Columbia Data

The Highwaymen members Kris Kristofferson, Johnny Money, Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson

In 1980, Money turned the Nation Music Corridor of Fame’s youngest dwelling inductee at age 48, however throughout the Nineteen Eighties, his information did not make a serious impression on the nation charts, though he continued to tour efficiently. Within the mid-Nineteen Eighties, he recorded and toured with Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, and Kris Kristofferson as The Highwaymen, making three hit albums, which have been launched starting with the initially titled Highwayman in 1985, adopted by Highwaymen 2 in 1990, and concluding with Highwaymen – The Street Goes On Ceaselessly in 1995.

Throughout that interval, Money appeared in quite a few tv movies. In 1981, he starred in The Satisfaction of Jesse Hallam, successful fantastic evaluations for a movie that referred to as consideration to grownup illiteracy. In 1983, he appeared as a heroic sheriff in Homicide in Coweta County, primarily based on a real-life Georgia homicide case, which co-starred Andy Griffith as his nemesis.

Money relapsed into habit after being administered painkillers for a critical stomach damage in 1983 attributable to an incident by which he was kicked and wounded by an ostrich on his farm.^[101]

At a hospital go to in 1988, this time to look at over Waylon Jennings (who was recovering from a coronary heart assault), Jennings steered that Money have himself checked into the hospital for his personal coronary heart situation. Docs advisable preventive coronary heart surgical procedure, and Money underwent double bypass surgical procedure in the identical hospital. Each recovered, though Money refused to make use of any prescription painkillers, fearing a relapse into dependency. Money later claimed that in his operation, he had what known as a “near-death expertise”.

In 1984, Money launched a self-parody recording titled “The Rooster in Black” about Money’s mind being transplanted right into a hen and Money receiving a financial institution robber’s mind in return. Biographer Robert Hilburn, in his 2013 e book Johnny Money: The Life, disputes the declare made that Money selected to document an deliberately poor tune in protest of Columbia’s therapy of him. Quite the opposite, Hilburn writes, it was Columbia that introduced Money with the tune, which Money – who had beforehand scored main chart hits with comedic materials equivalent to “A Boy Named Sue” and “One Piece at a Time” – accepted enthusiastically, performing the tune dwell on stage and filming a comedic music video by which he attire up in a superhero-like bank-robber costume. In keeping with Hilburn, Money’s enthusiasm for the tune waned after Waylon Jennings informed Money he appeared “like a buffoon” within the music video (which was showcased throughout Money’s 1984 Christmas TV particular), and Money subsequently demanded that Columbia withdraw the music video from broadcast and recall the one from shops—interrupting its bona fide chart success—and termed the enterprise “a fiasco.”^[102]

Between 1981 and 1984, he recorded a number of periods with famed countrypolitan producer Billy Sherrill (who additionally produced “The Rooster in Black”), which have been shelved; they’d be launched by Columbia’s sister label, Legacy Recordings, in 2014 as Out Among the many Stars.^[103] Round this time, Money additionally recorded an album of gospel recordings that ended up being launched by one other label across the time of his departure from Columbia (this resulting from Columbia closing down its Precedence Data division that was to have launched the recordings).

After extra unsuccessful recordings have been launched between 1984 and 1985, Money left Columbia.

In 1986, Money returned to Solar Studios in Memphis to workforce up with Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis, and Carl Perkins to create the album Class of ’55; in accordance with Hilburn, Columbia nonetheless had Money underneath contract on the time, so particular preparations needed to be made to permit him to take part.^[104] Additionally in 1986, Money printed his solely novel, Man in White, a e book about Saul and his conversion to turn into the Apostle Paul. He recorded Johnny Money Reads The Full New Testomony in 1990.

American Recordings

Johnny Money sings with a Navy lieutenant throughout a army occasion c. January 1987

After Columbia Data dropped Money from his recording contract, he had a brief and unsuccessful stint with Mercury Data from 1987 to 1991. Throughout this time, he recorded an album of recent variations of a few of his best-known Solar and Columbia hits, in addition to Water from the Wells of Dwelling, a duets album that paired him with, amongst others, his kids Rosanne Money and John Carter Money, in addition to Paul McCartney. A one-off Christmas album recorded for Delta Data adopted his Mercury contract.

Although Money would by no means have one other chart hit from 1991 till his demise, his profession was rejuvenated within the Nineties, resulting in reputation with an viewers which was not historically thought-about all for nation music. In 1988, British post-punk musicians Marc Riley (previously of the Fall) and Jon Langford (the Mekons) put collectively ‘Til Issues Are Brighter, a tribute album that includes largely British-based indie-rock acts’ interpretations of Money’s songs. Money was enthusiastic concerning the venture, telling Langford that it was a “morale booster”; Rosanne Money later mentioned “he felt an actual reference to these musicians and really validated … It was superb for him: he was in his ingredient. He completely understood what they have been tapping into, and liked it”. The album attracted press consideration on either side of the Atlantic.^[105] In 1991, he sang a model of “Man in Black” for the Christian punk band One Unhealthy Pig’s album I Scream Sunday. In 1993, he sang “The Wanderer”, the closing monitor of U2’s album Zooropa. In keeping with Rolling Stone author Adam Gold, “The Wanderer” – written for Money by Bono, “defies each the U2 and Money canons, combining rhythmic and textural parts of Nineties synth-pop with a Countrypolitan lament match for the closing credit of a Seventies western.”^[106]

Not sought-after by main labels, he was supplied a contract with producer Rick Rubin’s American Recordings label, which had just lately been rebranded from Def American, underneath which title it was higher identified for rap and exhausting rock. Below Rubin’s supervision, he recorded American Recordings (1994) in his front room, accompanied solely by his Martin Dreadnought guitar – one among many Money performed all through his profession.^[107] The album featured covers of latest artists chosen by Rubin. The album had a substantial amount of crucial and business success, successful a Grammy for Greatest Up to date Folks Album. Money wrote that his reception on the 1994 Glastonbury Competition was one of many highlights of his profession. This was the start of a decade of music trade accolades and business success. He teamed up with Brooks & Dunn to contribute “Folsom Jail Blues” to the AIDS profit album Crimson Scorching + Nation produced by the Crimson Scorching Group. On the identical album, he carried out the Bob Dylan favourite “Ceaselessly Younger.”

Money and his spouse appeared on quite a few episodes of the tv sequence Dr. Quinn, Medication Lady. He additionally lent his voice for a cameo position in The Simpsons episode “El Viaje Misterioso de Nuestro Jomer (The Mysterious Voyage of Homer)”, because the “Area Coyote” that guides Homer Simpson on a religious quest.

Money was joined by guitarist Kim Thayil of Soundgarden, bassist Krist Novoselic of Nirvana, and drummer Sean Kinney of Alice in Chains for a canopy of Willie Nelson’s “Time of the Preacher”, featured on the tribute album Twisted Willie, launched in January 1996.^[108]

In 1996, Money collaborated with Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers on Unchained (often known as American Recordings II), which gained the Greatest Nation Album Grammy in 1998. The album was produced by Rick Rubin with Sylvia Massy engineering and mixing. A majority of Unchained was recorded at Sound Metropolis Studios and featured visitor appearances by Lindsey Buckingham, Mick Fleetwood, and Marty Stuart. Believing he didn’t clarify sufficient of himself in his 1975 autobiography Man in Black, he wrote Money: The Autobiography in 1997.

Later years and demise

Money with President George W. Bush and First Woman Laura Bush in 2002

In 1997, throughout a visit to New York Metropolis, Money was identified with the neurodegenerative illness Shy–Drager syndrome, a type of a number of system atrophy.^[109] In keeping with biographer Robert Hilburn, the illness was initially misdiagnosed as Parkinson’s illness, and Money even introduced to his viewers that he had Parkinson’s after almost collapsing on stage in Flint, Michigan, on October 25, 1997. Quickly afterwards, his analysis was modified to Shy–Drager, and Money was informed he had about 18 months to dwell.^[110] The analysis was later once more altered to autonomic neuropathy related to diabetes. The sickness pressured Money to curtail his touring. He was hospitalized in 1998 with extreme pneumonia, which broken his lungs.

Over the last stage of his profession, Money launched the albums American III: Solitary Man (2000) and American IV: The Man Comes Round (2002). American IV included cowl songs by a number of late Twentieth-century rock artists, notably “Harm” by 9 Inch Nails and “Private Jesus” by Depeche Mode.^[111] Trent Reznor of 9 Inch Nails commented that he was initially skeptical about Money’s plan to cowl “Harm”, however was later impressed and moved by the rendition.^[112] The video for “Harm” obtained crucial and well-liked acclaim, together with a Grammy Award.^[113][114]

June Carter Money died on Could 15, 2003, aged 73.^[115] June had informed Money to maintain working, so he continued to document, finishing 60 songs within the final 4 months of his life. He even carried out shock exhibits on the Carter Household Fold outdoors Bristol, Virginia. On the July 5, 2003, live performance (his final public efficiency), earlier than singing “Ring of Hearth”, Money learn an announcement that he had written shortly earlier than taking the stage:

The spirit of June Carter overshadows me tonight with the love she had for me and the love I’ve for her. We join someplace between right here and Heaven. She got here down for a brief go to, I assume, from Heaven to go to with me tonight to present me braveness and inspiration like she at all times has. She’s by no means been one for me besides braveness and inspiration. I thank God for June Carter. I really like her with all my coronary heart.

Money continued to document till shortly earlier than his demise. “When June died, it tore him up”, Rick Rubin recalled. “He mentioned to me, ‘You need to hold me working as a result of I’ll die if I haven’t got one thing to do.’ He was in a wheelchair by then and we set him up at his residence in Virginia… I could not hearken to these recordings for 2 years after he died and it was heartbreaking after we did.”^[116] Money’s remaining recordings have been made on August 21, 2003, and consisted of “Just like the 309”, which appeared on American V: A Hundred Highways in 2006, and the ultimate tune he accomplished, “Engine 143”, recorded for his son John Carter Money’s deliberate Carter Household tribute album.^[117]

Money’s grave positioned at Hendersonville Reminiscence Gardens in Hendersonville, Tennessee

Whereas being hospitalized at Baptist Hospital in Nashville, Money died of problems from diabetes at round 2:00 am Central Time on September 12, 2003, aged 71—lower than 4 months after his spouse. He was buried subsequent to her at Hendersonville Reminiscence Gardens close to his residence in Hendersonville, Tennessee.

Private life

Money and his second spouse, June Carter, in 1969

On July 18, 1951, whereas in Air Power primary coaching, Money met 17-year-old Italian-American Vivian Liberto at a curler skating rink in San Antonio, Texas.^[118] They dated for 3 weeks till Money was deployed to West Germany for a three-year tour. Throughout that point, the couple exchanged tons of of affection letters.^[119] On August 7, 1954, one month after his discharge, they have been married at St. Ann’s Roman Catholic Church in San Antonio. They’d 4 daughters: Rosanne, Kathy, Cindy, and Tara. In 1961, Money moved his household to a hilltop residence overlooking Casitas Springs, California. He had beforehand moved his dad and mom to the world to run a small trailer park referred to as the Johnny Money Trailer Park. His consuming led to a number of run-ins with native regulation enforcement. Liberto later mentioned that she had filed for divorce in 1966 due to Money’s extreme drug and alcohol abuse, in addition to his fixed touring, his repeated acts of adultery with different girls, and his shut relationship with singer June Carter. Their 4 daughters have been then raised by their mom.

Money met June of the famed Carter Household whereas on tour, and the 2 turned infatuated with one another. In 1968, 13 years after they first met backstage on the Grand Ole Opry, Money proposed to June, throughout a dwell efficiency in London, Ontario.^[120] The couple married on March 1, 1968, in Franklin, Kentucky. They’d one youngster collectively, John Carter Money, born March 3, 1970. He was the one son for each Johnny and June. Along with having his 4 daughters and John Carter, Money additionally turned step-father to Carlene and Rosie, June’s daughters from her first two marriages. Money and Carter continued to work, increase their youngster, create music, and tour collectively for 35 years till June’s demise in Could 2003. All through their marriage, June tried to maintain Money off amphetamines, typically taking his medicine and flushing them down the bathroom. June remained with him even all through his a number of admissions for rehabilitation therapy and a long time of drug habit. After June’s demise in Could 2003, Money believed that his solely motive for dwelling was his music; he died solely 4 months later.^[121]

Spiritual beliefs

Money was raised by his dad and mom within the Southern Baptist denomination of Christianity. He was baptized in 1944 within the Tyronza River as a member of the Central Baptist Church of Dyess, Arkansas.^[122]

A troubled however religious Christian,^[123][124] Money has been characterised as a “lens by way of which to view American contradictions and challenges.”^{[d][126][127]} On Could 9, 1971, he answered the altar name at Evangel Temple, an Assemblies of God congregation pastored by Jimmie R. Snow with outreach to individuals within the music world.^[128]

A biblical scholar,^[129][130] Money penned a Christian novel, Man in White in 1986 and within the introduction writes a few reporter, who, all for Money’s non secular beliefs, questioned whether or not the e book is written from a Baptist, Catholic, or Jewish perspective. Money replies “I am a Christian. Do not put me in one other field.”^[131][132]

Within the mid-Nineteen Seventies, Money and his spouse, June, accomplished a course of research within the Bible by way of Christian Worldwide Bible School, culminating in a pilgrimage to Israel in November, 1978.^[63]: 66 Round that point, he was ordained as a minister, and officiated at his daughter’s marriage ceremony.^[133] He typically carried out at Billy Graham Crusades. At a Tallahassee Campaign in 1986, June and Johnny sang his tune “One in all These Days I am Gonna Sit Down and Speak to Paul”.^[134] At a notable efficiency in Arkansas in 1989, Johnny Money spoke to attendees of his dedication to the salvation of drug sellers and alcoholics. He then sang, “Household Bible”.^[135]

He recorded a number of gospel albums and made a spoken-word recording of your entire New King James Model of the New Testomony.^[136][137] Money declared he was “the largest sinner of all of them”, and seen himself total as an advanced and contradictory man.^[138][e] Accordingly,^[f] Money is alleged to have “contained multitudes”, and has been deemed “the philosopher-prince of American nation music.”^[142][143]

Money is credited with having transformed actor and singer John Schneider to Christianity.^[144]

Legacy

The garments and guitar of Johnny Money on exhibit within the Artist Gallery of the Musical Instrument Museum of Phoenix

Money nurtured and defended artists (equivalent to Bob Dylan^[46]) on the fringes of what was acceptable in nation music even whereas serving because the nation music institution’s most seen image. At an all-star live performance which aired in 1999 on TNT, a various group of artists paid him tribute, together with Dylan, Chris Isaak, Wyclef Jean, Norah Jones, Kris Kristofferson, Willie Nelson, Dom DeLuise, and U2. Money himself appeared on the finish and carried out for the primary time in additional than a 12 months. Two tribute albums have been launched shortly earlier than his demise; Kindred Spirits comprises works from established artists, whereas Wearing Black comprises works from many lesser-known musicians.

In complete, he wrote over 1,000 songs and launched dozens of albums. A field set titled Unearthed was issued posthumously. It included 4 CDs of unreleased materials recorded with Rubin, in addition to a Better of Money on American retrospective CD. The set additionally features a 104-page e book that discusses every monitor and options one among Money’s remaining interviews.^[145]

In 1999, Money obtained the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked Money quantity 31 on their “100 Best Artists of All Time” checklist^[146][147] and No. 21 on their “100 Best Singers” checklist in 2010.^[148] In 2012, Rolling Stone ranked Money’s 1968 dwell album At Folsom Jail and 1994 studio album American Recordings at No. 88^[149] and No. 366^[150] in its checklist of the five hundred biggest albums of all time.

In recognition of his lifelong help of SOS Kids’s Villages, his household invited pals and followers to donate to the Johnny Money Memorial Fund in his reminiscence. He had a private hyperlink with the SOS village in Dießen, on the Ammersee Lake in Bavaria, close to the place he was stationed as a GI, and with the SOS village in Barrett City, by Montego Bay, close to his vacation residence in Jamaica.^[151][152]

In January 2006, Money’s lakeside residence on Caudill Drive in Hendersonville was offered to Bee Gees vocalist Barry Gibb and spouse Linda for $2.3 million. On April 10, 2007, throughout main renovation works carried out for Gibb, a hearth broke out on the home, spreading shortly resulting from a flammable wooden preservative that had been used. The constructing was fully destroyed.^[153]

One in all Money’s remaining collaborations with producer Rick Rubin, American V: A Hundred Highways, was launched posthumously on July 4, 2006. The album debuted at primary on the Billboard High 200 album chart for the week ending July 22, 2006. On February 23, 2010, three days earlier than what would have been Money’s 78th birthday, the Money Household, Rick Rubin, and Misplaced Freeway Data launched his second posthumous document, titled American VI: Ain’t No Grave.

The principle avenue in Hendersonville, Tennessee, Freeway 31E, is called “Johnny Money Parkway”.^[154] The Johnny Money Museum, positioned in one among Money’s properties in Hendersonville till 2006, dubbed the Home of Money, was offered primarily based on Money’s will. Previous to this, having been closed for quite a few years, the museum had been featured in Money’s music video for “Harm”. The home subsequently burned down throughout the renovation by the brand new proprietor. A brand new museum, based by Shannon and Invoice Miller, opened April 26, 2013, in downtown Nashville.^[155]

On November 2–4, 2007, the Johnny Money Flower Pickin’ Competition was held in Starkville, Mississippi, the place Money had been arrested greater than 40 years earlier and held in a single day on the metropolis jail on Could 11, 1965. The incident impressed Money to write down the tune “Starkville Metropolis Jail”. The pageant, the place he was supplied a symbolic posthumous pardon, honored Money’s life and music, and was anticipated to turn into an annual occasion.^[156]

JC Unit One, Johnny Money’s personal tour bus from 1980 till 2003, was placed on exhibit on the Rock and Roll Corridor of Fame and Museum in Cleveland, Ohio, in 2007. The museum affords public excursions of the bus on a seasonal foundation (it’s saved throughout the winter and never exhibited throughout these occasions).^[157]

A limited-edition Ceaselessly stamp honoring Money went on sale June 5, 2013. The stamp incorporates a promotional image of Money taken across the 1963 launch of Ring of Hearth: The Better of Johnny Money.^[158]

On October 14, 2014, the Metropolis of Folsom unveiled part 1 of the Johnny Money Path to the general public with a dedication and ribbon-cutting ceremony attended by Rosanne Money. Alongside the path, eight larger-than-life public artwork items will inform the story of Johnny Money, his connection to Folsom Jail, and his epic musical profession. The Johnny Money Path options artwork chosen by a committee that included Cindy Money, a 2-acre (0.81 ha) Legacy Park, and over 3 miles (4.8 km) of multi-use class-I bike path. The artists answerable for the sculptures are Sacramento-based Romo Studios, LLC and the Effective Artwork Studio of Rotblatt Amrany, from Illinois.^[159]

In 2015, a brand new species of black tarantula was recognized close to Folsom Jail and named Aphonopelma johnnycashi in his honor.

In 2016, the Nashville Sounds Minor League Baseball workforce added the “Nation Legends Race” to its between-innings leisure. On the center of the fifth inning, individuals in outsized foam caricature costumes depicting Money, in addition to George Jones, Reba McEntire, and Dolly Parton, race across the warning monitor at First Horizon Park from heart discipline to the house plate facet of the primary base dugout.^[160]

On February 8, 2018, the album Ceaselessly Phrases was introduced, placing music to poems that Money had written and which have been printed in e book type in 2016.^[161]

Johnny Money’s boyhood residence in Dyess was listed within the Nationwide Register of Historic Locations on Could 2, 2018, as “Farm No. 266, Johnny Money Boyhood Dwelling.”^[29]

The Arkansas Nation Music Awards honored Johnny Money’s legacy with the Lifetime Achievement award on June 3, 2018. The ceremony was held that very same date, which was a Monday night time on the College of Arkansas at Little Rock in Little Rock, Arkansas. The nominations befell in early 2018.^[162][163]

In 2019, Sheryl Crow launched a duet with Money on her tune “Redemption Day” for her remaining album Threads. Crow, who had initially written and recorded the tune in 1996, recorded new vocals and added them to these of Money, who recorded the tune for his American VI: Ain’t No Grave album.^[164]

In April 2019, it was introduced that the state of Arkansas would place a statue of Money within the Nationwide Statuary Corridor in an effort to characterize the trendy historical past of Arkansas. The Governor of Arkansas, Asa Hutchinson, acknowledged that Money’s contributions to music made him an acceptable determine to inform the story of the state.^[165]

Portrayals

Nation singer Mark Collie portrayed Money in John Lloyd Miller’s award-winning 1999 brief movie I Nonetheless Miss Somebody.

In November 2005, Stroll the Line, a biographical movie about Money’s life, was launched in america to appreciable business success and important acclaim. The movie featured Joaquin Phoenix as Johnny (for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Greatest Actor) and Reese Witherspoon as June (for which she gained the Academy Award for Greatest Actress). Phoenix and Witherspoon additionally gained the Golden Globe for Greatest Actor in a Musical or Comedy and Greatest Actress in a Musical or Comedy, respectively. They each carried out their very own vocals within the movie (with their model of “Jackson” being launched as a single), and Phoenix discovered to play guitar for the position. Phoenix obtained a Grammy Award for his contributions to the soundtrack. John Carter Money, the son of Johnny and June, served as an government producer.

On March 12, 2006, Ring of Hearth, a jukebox musical of the Money oeuvre, debuted on Broadway on the Ethel Barrymore Theater, however closed resulting from harsh evaluations and disappointing gross sales on April 30. Million Greenback Quartet, a musical portraying the early Solar recording periods involving Money, Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, and Carl Perkins, debuted on Broadway on April 11, 2010. Actor Lance Visitor portrayed Money. The musical was nominated for 3 awards on the 2010 Tony Awards and gained one.

Robert Hilburn, veteran Los Angeles Instances pop music critic, the journalist who accompanied Money in his 1968 Folsom jail tour, and interviewed Money many occasions all through his life together with months earlier than his demise, printed a 688-page biography with 16 pages of images in 2013.^[166] The meticulously reported biography is alleged to have crammed within the 80{ae90547d17d4d74b17007ee836a04674fd006933c139011dc78eb03c100070a7} of Money’s life that was unknown, together with particulars about Money’s battles with habit and infidelity.^{[167][53][168]}

Awards and honors

Money obtained a number of Nation Music Affiliation Awards, Grammys, and different awards, in classes starting from vocal and spoken performances to album notes and movies. In a profession that spanned virtually 5 a long time, Money was the personification of nation music to many individuals world wide. Money was a musician who was not outlined by a single style. He recorded songs that may very well be thought-about rock and roll, blues, rockabilly, folks, and gospel, and exerted an affect on every of these genres.

His variety was evidenced by his presence in 5 main music halls of fame: the Nashville Songwriters Corridor of Fame (1977), the Nation Music Corridor of Fame (1980), the Rock and Roll Corridor of Fame (1992), GMA’s Gospel Music Corridor of Fame (2010). and the Memphis Music Corridor of Fame (2013).^[170][171] Marking his demise in 2003, Rolling Stone acknowledged apart from Elvis Presley Money was the one artist inducted as a performer into each the Nation Music Corridor of Fame and the Rock and Roll Corridor of Fame.^[169]

His contributions to the style have been acknowledged by the Rockabilly Corridor of Fame.^[172] Money obtained the Kennedy Middle Honors in 1996 and acknowledged that his induction into the Nation Music Corridor of Fame in 1980 was his biggest skilled achievement. In 2001, he was awarded the Nationwide Medal of Arts.^[173] “Harm” was nominated for six VMAs on the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards. The one VMA the video gained was that for Greatest Cinematography. With the video, Johnny Money turned the oldest artist ever nominated for an MTV Video Music Award.^[174] Justin Timberlake, who gained Greatest Video that 12 months for “Cry Me a River”, mentioned in his acceptance speech: “This can be a travesty! I demand a recount. My grandfather raised me on Johnny Money, and I feel he deserves this greater than any of us in right here tonight.”^[175]

Discography

Filmography

Printed works

• Man in Black: His Personal Story in His Personal Phrases, Zondervan, 1975;
  

  ISBN 99924-31-58-X

• Man in White, a novel concerning the Apostle Paul, HarperCollins, 1986; ISBN 0-06-250132-1
• Money: The Autobiography, with Patrick Carr, HarperCollins, 1997; ISBN 978-0-06-101357-7^[179]
• Johnny Money Reads the New Testomony, Thomas Nelson, 2011; ISBN 978-1-4185-4883-4^[180]
• Recollections by Johnny Money, edited by daughter Tara, 2014; ISBN 978-0-930677-03-9
• The Man Who Carried Money: Saul Holiff, Johnny Money, and the Making of an American Icon by Julie Chadwick, Dundurn Press, 2017; ISBN 978-1-459737-23-5

Notes

Bibliography

Additional studying

• Jonathan Silverman, 9 Selections: Johnny Money and American Tradition, Amherst: College of Massachusetts, 2010, ISBN 1-55849-826-5
• Graeme Thomson, The Resurrection of Johnny Money: Harm, Redemption, and American Recordings, Jawbone Press, ISBN 978-1-906002-36-7
• Christopher S. Wren, Johnny Money: Winners Acquired Scars, Too, Abacus Editions, ISBN 0-349-13740-4
• Robert Hilburn, Johnny Money: The Life, Again Bay Books, New York: Little Brown and Firm, 2013, ISBN 978-0-316-19474-7(pb)
• D’Ambrosio, Antonino (2009). A Heartbeat and A Guitar: Johnny Money and the Making of Bitter Tears. Perseus Books/Nation Books. ISBN 978-1-56858-407-2.